Agriculture is the art and science of cultivation?

What is agriculture?

Agriculture is the art and science of, the cultivation of soil, crop production, and the rearing of animals used to enhance human life for economic and social development.

It originates from Latin, and it refers to the fields of agriculture and culture cultivation.

Important 7 Branches Of Agriculture:

It constitutes various branches, each having its specific role collectively aiming to increase production, and its distribution in the market.

Agronomy

origin from the Greek word Agronomos, which means field/soil management.

It is a practice of soil management and crop production, growing crops effectively and efficiently.

Horticulture

It is defined as where science meets art and the cultivation of garden plants.

Besides, Horticulture is growing enclosed garden crops such as fruits, vegetables, ornamental flowers for beauty and decoration, spices, and medicinal plants.

Forestry

It is a branch where all the aspects of the forest are considered creation, conservation, scientific management, and how to utilize their resources, benefiting both humans and the environment.

Agriculture engineering

It is a branch of engineering in which modern techniques can be implemented and technology demonstrated so that crop productivity can be increased and problems faced in agricultural activity can be addressed.

Animal husbandry

Where Husbandry means farming/management.

Animal husbandry deals with domestic animals on a large scale with proper breeding, feeding, and living methods.

Fisheries

India is the third largest producer of fish. Nurturing billions of lives.

It is an economic activity that is solely related to raising and harvesting fish not only for the commercial market but also for self-

consumption.

Home Science

Home science interconnects agricultural practices with people’s daily lives and enhances people’s skills so that they can produce a good quantity and quality of food.

Why agriculture is important to the Indian economy?

Being a primary sector of the Indian economy, additionally, 70 % people of the country are engaged in the agricultural sector, generating employment opportunities, ensuring food security for the increasing population, and providing raw materials to all the agro-based industries, hence contributing to its share of

18.2 per cent of the country’s GDP till 2023-24,  13% of the country’s exports, and 51% to an allied sector, animal husbandry, fisheries, forestry, and horticulture, making it fundamentally important.

Conclusion:

As we know India is a developing economy, and the agriculture sector plays a significant role as many people in India are dependent on agriculture because Agriculture provides food security for sustainability thereby alleviating poverty and generating employment.

Moreover, it has negative impacts on the environment including soil erosion, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity hence disrupting the natural ecosystems, water depletion, and contributing to greenhouse emissions.

Despite its challenges, it provides a foundation through which people survive by supplying food for both humans and animals.

FAQ

Q1)How many types of agriculture are there?

Mainly two types, commercial and subsistence agriculture.

Q2)Who is known as the father of agriculture in India?

M.S  SWAMINATHAN is known as the father of agriculture in India.

Q3)What are the five major food crops?

Major food crops used are rice, wheat, millet, pulses, tea, etc.

Q4) Major cropping season in India?

Based on a particular season, cropping seasons are

Kharif season, Rabi season, and Zaid season.

Q5) Name the factors influencing agriculture.

It depends on physical and socio-economic factors such as climate, temperature, soil, rainfall, market, and labour availability.

Q6) what is the difference between agriculture and farming?

Agriculture focuses on all aspects of production, planning, management, and research of agricultural practices and farming is a type of agriculture that focuses on growing crops and raising animals.